{"id":2267,"date":"2026-09-24T00:30:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T22:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/?page_id=2267"},"modified":"2026-09-24T01:42:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T23:42:39","slug":"calculadora-del-risc-geologic","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/","title":{"rendered":"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t<section class=\"grk-calculator\" id=\"grk-1\" data-grk data-size-step=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"grk-header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-brand-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"grk-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/plugins\/geoleg-calculadora-risc\/assets\/img\/geoleg-logo.png\" alt=\"Ge\u00f2leg.cat\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/128;\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"grk-separator\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"grk-brand\" href=\"https:\/\/geologia365.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/plugins\/geoleg-calculadora-risc\/assets\/img\/geologia365-logo.jpg\" alt=\"Geologia365.com\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1400\/373;\"><\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"grk-text-size\" data-text-size aria-label=\"Augmenta la mida del text\" title=\"Mida del text\">A+<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-kicker\">Laboratori virtual \u00b7 Riscos naturals<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2>Calculadora del Risc Geol\u00f2gic<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Explora com canvia el resultat quan modifiques la perillositat, la vulnerabilitat i l\u2019exposici\u00f3.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-tags\"><span>R = P \u00d7 V \u00d7 E<\/span><span>Escala de 0 a 1<\/span><span>Resultat en directe<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/header>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-intro\"><strong>Qu\u00e8 representa el resultat?<\/strong> Un \u00edndex did\u00e0ctic per a un lloc, un fenomen i un grup definits. Les puntuacions de situaci\u00f3 i intensitat s\u00f3n barems adaptats a l\u2019eina: no equivalen a probabilitats observades ni a l\u00edmits de seguretat.<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t<form class=\"grk-form\" novalidate>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-heading grk-heading--with-action\"><span class=\"grk-step\">1<\/span><h3>Tria el perill<\/h3><button type=\"button\" class=\"grk-example-button\" data-action=\"example\">Carrega un exemple aleatori<\/button><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<fieldset class=\"grk-mode\"><legend class=\"grk-sr\">Tipus de perill<\/legend>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"seismic\" data-field=\"mode\" checked><span>Sismes<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"volcanic\" data-field=\"mode\"><span>Volcans<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"tsunami\" data-field=\"mode\"><span>Tsunamis<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"river\" data-field=\"mode\"><span>Inundaci\u00f3 fluvial<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"rockfall\" data-field=\"mode\"><span>Despreniment<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<label><input type=\"radio\" name=\"grk-1-mode\" value=\"landslide\" data-field=\"mode\"><span>Esllavissada<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/fieldset>\n\t\t\t\t\t<label class=\"grk-zero\"><input type=\"checkbox\" data-field=\"no-hazard\"><span>El perill \u00e9s <strong>inexistent<\/strong> per a l\u2019escenari i el lloc que he definit (puntuaci\u00f3 0).<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\" data-zero-note hidden>Una dada desconeguda mai no equival a 0. Aquesta opci\u00f3 exigeix poder justificar l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia del fenomen.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"seismic\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Perillositat s\u00edsmica<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-mmi\">Intensitat Mercalli <strong>en aquest lloc<\/strong><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<select data-field=\"mmi\" id=\"grk-1-mmi\"><option value=\"\">Tria un grau<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"1\">I \u2192 0,1<\/option><option value=\"2\">II \u2192 0,2<\/option><option value=\"3\">III \u2192 0,3<\/option><option value=\"4\">IV \u2192 0,4<\/option><option value=\"5\">V \u2192 0,5<\/option><option value=\"6\">VI \u2192 0,6<\/option><option value=\"7\">VII \u2192 0,7<\/option><option value=\"8\">VIII \u2192 0,8<\/option><option value=\"9\">IX \u2192 0,9<\/option><option value=\"10\">X \u2192 1,0<\/option><option value=\"11\">XI \u2192 1,0<\/option><option value=\"12\">XII \u2192 1,0<\/option><\/select>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">I = 0,1; II = 0,2; \u2026; IX = 0,9; X\u2013XII = 1. Aquesta correspond\u00e8ncia \u00e9s una decisi\u00f3 did\u00e0ctica nostra.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-mw\">Magnitud M<sub>w<\/sub> <span class=\"grk-optional\">opcional<\/span><\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input data-field=\"mw\" id=\"grk-1-mw\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 6,5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">Descriu el sisme, per\u00f2 no es torna a multiplicar per la intensitat local.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"volcanic\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Perillositat volc\u00e0nica \u00b7 escenari explosiu simplificat<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-vei\">\u00cdndex d\u2019explosivitat volc\u00e0nica (IEV)<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<select data-field=\"vei\" id=\"grk-1-vei\"><option value=\"\">Tria un IEV<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"0\">IEV 0<\/option><option value=\"1\">IEV 1<\/option><option value=\"2\">IEV 2<\/option><option value=\"3\">IEV 3<\/option><option value=\"4\">IEV 4<\/option><option value=\"5\">IEV 5<\/option><option value=\"6\">IEV 6<\/option><option value=\"7\">IEV 7<\/option><option value=\"8\">IEV 8<\/option>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/select><p class=\"grk-help\">IEV 0 indica erupci\u00f3 no explosiva; no vol dir risc zero i queda fora d\u2019aquest model.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-vent\">Dist\u00e0ncia a la possible boca eruptiva<\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"vent-distance\" id=\"grk-1-vent\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 8\"><span>km<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">Sense vent, cendra distant, relleu ni desviaci\u00f3 de fluxos. La dist\u00e0ncia sola no delimita una zona segura.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"tsunami\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Perillositat per tsunami \u00b7 aproximaci\u00f3 costanera<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-coast\">Dist\u00e0ncia a la costa<\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"coast-distance\" id=\"grk-1-coast\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 0,8\"><span>km<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-elevation\">Altitud del terreny sobre el nivell del mar<\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"elevation\" id=\"grk-1-elevation\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 6\"><span>m<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">\u00c9s una lectura inicial: badies, rius, relleu i al\u00e7ada de l\u2019onada poden canviar completament la inundaci\u00f3. Si hi ha mapa d\u2019inundaci\u00f3, consulta\u2019l.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"river\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Inundaci\u00f3 fluvial \u00b7 posici\u00f3 del lloc<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\"><div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-terrace\">Nivell del terreny respecte del riu<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<select data-field=\"terrace\" id=\"grk-1-terrace\"><option value=\"\">Tria la posici\u00f3<\/option><option value=\"T0\">T0 \u00b7 plana d\u2019inundaci\u00f3 activa \u2192 1<\/option><option value=\"T1\">T1 \u00b7 terrassa baixa \u2192 0,7<\/option><option value=\"T2\">T2 \u00b7 terrassa interm\u00e8dia \u2192 0,4<\/option><option value=\"T3\">T3 \u00b7 terrassa alta \u2192 0,2<\/option><\/select>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">Convenci\u00f3 d\u2019aquesta eina: T0 \u00e9s la plana activa; T1, T2 i T3 s\u00f3n terrasses progressivament m\u00e9s altes.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">La posici\u00f3 aproxima l\u2019afectaci\u00f3 local. No determina per si sola la profunditat, la velocitat ni un temps de retorn en anys. Per a aquest \u00faltim, utilitza un estudi d\u2019inundabilitat local.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"rockfall\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Despreniment \u00b7 bloc, caiguda i traject\u00f2ria<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-rock-size\">Mida aproximada del bloc que podria caure<\/label><select data-field=\"rock-size\" id=\"grk-1-rock-size\"><option value=\"\">Tria una mida<\/option><option value=\"small\">Petit \u00b7 menys de 20 cm \u2192 0,2<\/option><option value=\"medium\">Mitj\u00e0 \u00b7 de 20 cm a 1 m \u2192 0,5<\/option><option value=\"large\">Gran \u00b7 d\u20191 a 3 m \u2192 0,8<\/option><option value=\"huge\">Molt gran \u00b7 m\u00e9s de 3 m \u2192 1<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-fall-height\">Altura aproximada de caiguda<\/label><select data-field=\"fall-height\" id=\"grk-1-fall-height\"><option value=\"\">Tria una altura<\/option><option value=\"low\">Menys de 5 m \u2192 0,2<\/option><option value=\"medium\">De 5 a menys de 20 m \u2192 0,5<\/option><option value=\"high\">De 20 a menys de 50 m \u2192 0,8<\/option><option value=\"veryHigh\">50 m o m\u00e9s \u2192 1<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-rock-location\">On \u00e9s el lloc respecte de la traject\u00f2ria?<\/label><select data-field=\"rock-location\" id=\"grk-1-rock-location\"><option value=\"\">Tria una posici\u00f3<\/option><option value=\"path\">Dins la zona d\u2019abast possible \u2192 1<\/option><option value=\"uncertain\">Al marge; abast incert \u2192 0,6<\/option><option value=\"mappedOutside\">Fora de l\u2019abast cartografiat \u2192 0,2<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><p class=\"grk-help\">Les franges s\u00f3n orientatives; la geologia, els rebots i el relleu poden alterar completament la traject\u00f2ria.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-module\" data-module=\"landslide\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Esllavissada \u00b7 vessant i situaci\u00f3 del lloc<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-slope\">Inclinaci\u00f3 visual del vessant<\/label><select data-field=\"slope\" id=\"grk-1-slope\"><option value=\"\">Tria una inclinaci\u00f3<\/option><option value=\"gentle\">Suau \u2192 0,2<\/option><option value=\"moderate\">Moderada \u2192 0,4<\/option><option value=\"steep\">Forta \u2192 0,7<\/option><option value=\"verySteep\">Molt forta \u2192 1<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-slope-water\">Aigua al terreny<\/label><select data-field=\"slope-water\" id=\"grk-1-slope-water\"><option value=\"\">Tria un estat<\/option><option value=\"dry\">Aparentment sec \u2192 0,3<\/option><option value=\"moist\">Humit \u2192 0,6<\/option><option value=\"saturated\">Saturat o amb surg\u00e8ncies \u2192 1<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-movement\">Senyals de moviment<\/label><select data-field=\"movement\" id=\"grk-1-movement\"><option value=\"\">Tria una observaci\u00f3<\/option><option value=\"noKnownSigns\">Cap senyal conegut \u2192 0,2<\/option><option value=\"signs\">Esquerdes o deformacions \u2192 0,7<\/option><option value=\"active\">Moviment documentat \u2192 1<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-slide-location\">Posici\u00f3 del lloc<\/label><select data-field=\"slide-location\" id=\"grk-1-slide-location\"><option value=\"\">Tria una posici\u00f3<\/option><option value=\"onSlope\">Sobre la massa o el vessant \u2192 1<\/option><option value=\"atFoot\">Al peu, a l\u2019abast possible \u2192 0,8<\/option><option value=\"mappedOutside\">Fora de l\u2019abast cartografiat \u2192 0,2<\/option><\/select><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><p class=\"grk-help\">L\u2019abs\u00e8ncia de senyals visibles no prova estabilitat. El tipus de material, les obres i els terratr\u00e8mols tamb\u00e9 influeixen.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-divider\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-heading\"><span class=\"grk-step\">2<\/span><h3>Persones o elements estudiats<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-v\">Vulnerabilitat<\/label>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<select data-field=\"vulnerability\" id=\"grk-1-v\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"\">Tria una classe<\/option><option value=\"0\">0 \u00b7 Inexistent<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"0.1\">0,1 \u00b7 Molt baixa<\/option><option value=\"0.3\">0,3 \u00b7 Baixa<\/option><option value=\"0.5\">0,5 \u00b7 Mitjana<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<option value=\"0.7\">0,7 \u00b7 Alta<\/option><option value=\"0.9\">0,9 \u00b7 Molt alta<\/option>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/select><p class=\"grk-help\">Fragilitat de les persones o elements davant d\u2019aquest fenomen concret: m\u00e9s protecci\u00f3 significa menys vulnerabilitat.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-exposure\">Exposici\u00f3 \u00b7 proporci\u00f3 del grup en l\u2019\u00e0rea afectable<\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"exposure\" id=\"grk-1-exposure\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 40\"><span>%<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-help\">De 0 a 100. Per a un \u00fanic edifici situat a la zona, indica 100 %.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<details class=\"grk-advanced\"><summary>Temps de retorn i per\u00edode d\u2019estudi<\/summary><div class=\"grk-advanced-body\"><div class=\"grk-fields\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-return\">Temps de retorn estimat <span class=\"grk-optional\">opcional<\/span><\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"return-period\" id=\"grk-1-return\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" placeholder=\"p. ex. 500\"><span>anys<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-field\"><label for=\"grk-1-years\">Per\u00edode d\u2019estudi<\/label><div class=\"grk-unit\"><input data-field=\"years\" id=\"grk-1-years\" type=\"text\" inputmode=\"decimal\" value=\"50\"><span>anys<\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><p class=\"grk-help\">Introdueix un temps de retorn nom\u00e9s si prov\u00e9 d\u2019un estudi del fenomen i del llindar al lloc estudiat. T0\u2013T3 no equivalen a un nombre fix d\u2019anys. La probabilitat s\u2019aproxima amb 1 \u2212 exp(\u2212per\u00edode \/ temps de retorn), assumint recurr\u00e8ncia constant.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-actions\"><button type=\"button\" data-action=\"reset\">Reinicia<\/button><span>El resultat es recalcula a cada canvi.<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/form>\n\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"grk-results\" aria-label=\"Resultat del c\u00e0lcul\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"grk-watermark lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/plugins\/geoleg-calculadora-risc\/assets\/img\/geologia365-logo.jpg\" alt=\"\" aria-hidden=\"true\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1400\/373;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-heading\"><span class=\"grk-step\">3<\/span><h3>Resultat en directe<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-feedback\" data-feedback role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\">Selecciona les dades per veure el resultat.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-result-card\" data-result-card><span data-result=\"kind\">Esperant dades<\/span><strong data-main-result aria-live=\"polite\">\u2014<\/strong><div class=\"grk-grade-line\" data-grade-line hidden><span>Categoria did\u00e0ctica:<\/span><strong class=\"grk-grade-badge\" data-grade-label aria-live=\"polite\"><\/strong><\/div><small>\u00cdndex comparatiu \u00b7 no \u00e9s una probabilitat de danys<\/small><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-grade-key\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Barem orientatiu de l\u2019\u00edndex<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Categories adaptades expressament a aquesta calculadora. Compara nom\u00e9s c\u00e0lculs del mateix tipus i amb el mateix per\u00edode d\u2019estudi.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol class=\"grk-grade-scale\" aria-label=\"Categories ordenades de l\u2019\u00edndex\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"none\"><span>Inexistent<\/span><small>R = 0<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"very-low\"><span>Molt baix<\/span><small>0 &lt; R &lt; 0,01<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"low\"><span>Baix<\/span><small>0,01 \u2264 R &lt; 0,03<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"moderately-low\"><span>Moderadament baix<\/span><small>0,03 \u2264 R &lt; 0,07<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"moderate\"><span>Moderat<\/span><small>0,07 \u2264 R &lt; 0,15<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"moderately-high\"><span>Moderadament alt<\/span><small>0,15 \u2264 R &lt; 0,30<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"high\"><span>Alt<\/span><small>0,30 \u2264 R &lt; 0,50<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"very-high\"><span>Molt alt<\/span><small>0,50 \u2264 R &lt; 0,70<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li data-grade-key=\"extreme\"><span>Extrem<\/span><small>0,70 \u2264 R \u2264 1<\/small><\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-metrics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><span>Severitat local<\/span><strong data-result=\"severity\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div><div data-probability-card hidden><span>Probabilitat del per\u00edode<\/span><strong data-result=\"probability\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><span>Perillositat<\/span><strong data-result=\"hazard\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div><div><span>Vulnerabilitat<\/span><strong data-result=\"vulnerability\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><span>Exposici\u00f3<\/span><strong data-result=\"exposure\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div><div><span>Si es produeix el fenomen<\/span><strong data-result=\"conditional\">\u2014<\/strong><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"grk-equation\">C\u00e0lcul: <span data-result=\"equation\">\u2014<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\n\t\t\t\t<details class=\"grk-sources\"><summary>Com s\u2019assignen els valors? Fonts i l\u00edmits<\/summary><div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Escala general pr\u00f2pia:<\/strong> 0 inexistent, 0,1 molt baix, 0,3 baix, 0,5 mitj\u00e0, 0,7 alt i 0,9 molt alt. Quan hi ha una escala detallada, admetem passos de 0,1 i valor m\u00e0xim 1. El resultat num\u00e8ric \u00e9s continu entre 0 i 1.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sismes:<\/strong> I\u2013IX de Mercalli equivalen, respectivament, a 0,1\u20130,9; X\u2013XII a 1. \u00c9s una conversi\u00f3 did\u00e0ctica pr\u00f2pia, no una escala de risc publicada per l\u2019USGS.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Volcans:<\/strong> IEV 1\u20138 \u2192 0,1 \u00b7 0,2 \u00b7 0,3 \u00b7 0,4 \u00b7 0,6 \u00b7 0,8 \u00b7 0,9 \u00b7 1. Factor de proximitat: menys de 2 km \u2192 1; 2\u20135 \u2192 0,8; 5\u201315 \u2192 0,6; 15\u201330 \u2192 0,4; 30 o m\u00e9s \u2192 0,2. Multipliquem els dos factors. <strong>Aquests factors i llindars estan adaptats a l\u2019\u00fas did\u00e0ctic de l\u2019eina;<\/strong> no determinen seguretat ni serveixen per a erupcions efusives, cendra o lahars.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tsunamis:<\/strong> factor d\u2019altitud: menys de 2 m \u2192 1; 2\u20135 \u2192 0,8; 5\u201310 \u2192 0,6; 10\u201330 \u2192 0,4; 30 o m\u00e9s \u2192 0,2. Factor de dist\u00e0ncia: menys de 0,5 km \u2192 1; 0,5\u20131 \u2192 0,8; 1\u20132 \u2192 0,6; 2\u20133 \u2192 0,4; 3 o m\u00e9s \u2192 0,2. Multipliquem els factors. <strong>Els llindars i pesos s\u00f3n propis d\u2019aquesta calculadora.<\/strong> No equivalen a un mapa d\u2019inundaci\u00f3 i cap valor de dist\u00e0ncia assegura risc zero.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Inundaci\u00f3 fluvial:<\/strong> T0 (plana activa) \u2192 1; T1 (terrassa baixa) \u2192 0,7; T2 (interm\u00e8dia) \u2192 0,4; T3 (alta) \u2192 0,2. \u00c9s una convenci\u00f3 local de lectura, no una numeraci\u00f3 ni una freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia universal. Una terrassa \u00e9s una antiga plana d\u2019inundaci\u00f3; l\u2019altura no permet assignar autom\u00e0ticament anys de retorn. La intensitat f\u00edsica dep\u00e8n de la profunditat i la velocitat de l\u2019aigua en cada escenari.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Despreniments:<\/strong> mida del bloc (&lt;20 cm \u2192 0,2; 20 cm\u2013&lt;1 m \u2192 0,5; 1\u20133 m \u2192 0,8; &gt;3 m \u2192 1); altura (&lt;5 m \u2192 0,2; 5\u2013&lt;20 m \u2192 0,5; 20\u2013&lt;50 m \u2192 0,8; \u226550 m \u2192 1); posici\u00f3 (abast possible \u2192 1, marge incert \u2192 0,6, fora d\u2019abast cartografiat \u2192 0,2). Severitat = mitjana de mida i altura \u00d7 factor de posici\u00f3. Els llindars s\u00f3n propis de l\u2019eina i no substitueixen l\u2019estudi de traject\u00f2ries.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Esllavissades:<\/strong> inclinaci\u00f3 (suau \u2192 0,2; moderada \u2192 0,4; forta \u2192 0,7; molt forta \u2192 1), aigua (sec \u2192 0,3; humit \u2192 0,6; saturat \u2192 1), senyals (cap de conegut \u2192 0,2; deformaci\u00f3 \u2192 0,7; moviment documentat \u2192 1) i posici\u00f3 (sobre el vessant \u2192 1; al peu \u2192 0,8; fora d\u2019abast cartografiat \u2192 0,2). Severitat = mitjana dels tres primers factors \u00d7 posici\u00f3. S\u00f3n barems orientatius, no un diagn\u00f2stic d\u2019estabilitat.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>F\u00f3rmula:<\/strong> amb temps de retorn, perillositat = probabilitat del per\u00edode \u00d7 severitat local; sense aquest temps, es presenta el risc condicionat a l\u2019ocurr\u00e8ncia. En ambd\u00f3s casos, risc = perillositat \u00d7 vulnerabilitat \u00d7 exposici\u00f3. El 0 nom\u00e9s s\u2019utilitza quan l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia del factor est\u00e0 justificada. Les puntuacions no s\u00f3n probabilitats de dany.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Categories de resultat:<\/strong> nou franges des de \u00abInexistent\u00bb fins a \u00abExtrem\u00bb, amb m\u00e9s detall en els valors baixos perqu\u00e8 es multipliquen tres factors entre 0 i 1. Els intervals han estat definits per facilitar la lectura d\u2019aquest \u00edndex; no s\u00f3n una classificaci\u00f3 oficial ni un percentatge de danys. No comparis directament un resultat condicionat amb un resultat que inclogui el temps de retorn.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/faqs\/what-difference-between-earthquake-magnitude-and-earthquake-intensity-what-modified-mercalli\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS: magnitud i intensitat Mercalli<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/earthquake-hazards\/science\/earthquake-hazards-201-technical-qa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS: probabilitat s\u00edsmica i temps de retorn<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/volcano.si.edu\/search_eruption.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Smithsonian GVP: \u00edndex d\u2019explosivitat volc\u00e0nica<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/data\/national-volcanic-threat-layer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS: diversitat de perills volc\u00e0nics<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/nctr.pmel.noaa.gov\/inundation_mapping.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NOAA: cartografia d\u2019inundaci\u00f3 per tsunami<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/publications\/river-flood-plains-some-observations-their-formation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS: planes d\u2019inundaci\u00f3 i terrasses fluvials<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/landslide-hazards\/science\/landslide-basics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USGS: esllavissades i despreniments<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/terminology\/exposure\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">UNDRR: exposici\u00f3<\/a>.<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/details>\n\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"grk-footer\"><div class=\"grk-counter\"><strong data-count>46<\/strong> c\u00e0lculs complets efectuats<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grk-footer-brand\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/plugins\/geoleg-calculadora-risc\/assets\/img\/geologia365-logo.jpg\" alt=\"Geologia365.com\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1400\/373;\"><span>Amb el suport de Geologia365.com<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u00a9 2026 Ge\u00f2leg.cat. Eina creada per Ge\u00f2leg.cat.<\/strong> Tots els drets reservats sobre el codi, el disseny i els continguts originals.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nom\u00e9s per a aprenentatge. No substitueix mapes oficials de perill, plans d\u2019evacuaci\u00f3 ni avaluacions professionals.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/footer>\n\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\n<p><!-- Text per situar sota la calculadora a la p\u00e0gina de Ge\u00f2leg.cat. El t\u00edtol de la p\u00e0gina i el bloc de codi curt de la calculadora van separats. --><\/p>\n<h1 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"1645z24\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"30\">Calculadora del risc natural<\/h1>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"x8p5uu\" data-start=\"32\" data-end=\"60\">Qu\u00e8 calcula aquesta eina?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"62\" data-end=\"215\">Un terratr\u00e8mol, una erupci\u00f3 o un tsunami no tenen les mateixes conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies a tot arreu. Per entendre per qu\u00e8, aquesta calculadora combina tres factors:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"217\" data-end=\"269\"><strong data-start=\"217\" data-end=\"269\">Risc = perillositat \u00d7 vulnerabilitat \u00d7 exposici\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"271\" data-end=\"584\">Tria un fenomen, introdueix les dades del lloc i observa com canvia el resultat mentre modifiques els valors. L\u2019eina est\u00e0 pensada per <strong data-start=\"405\" data-end=\"456\">comparar escenaris i aprendre a interpretar-los<\/strong>. El n\u00famero final \u00e9s un \u00edndex did\u00e0ctic entre 0 i 1; no expressa v\u00edctimes, p\u00e8rdues econ\u00f2miques ni la probabilitat de patir danys.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"1cgio3b\" data-start=\"586\" data-end=\"614\">Els tres factors del risc<\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"1128\">\n<li data-section-id=\"xqigly\" data-start=\"616\" data-end=\"821\"><strong data-start=\"618\" data-end=\"635\">Perillositat:<\/strong> com d\u2019intens podria ser el fenomen al lloc estudiat. Si disposem d\u2019un temps de retorn adequat, podem incorporar tamb\u00e9 la probabilitat que se superi un llindar durant un per\u00edode concret.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5bopwk\" data-start=\"822\" data-end=\"935\"><strong data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"843\">Vulnerabilitat:<\/strong> com de sensibles s\u00f3n les persones, els edificis o altres elements que hem decidit estudiar.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"7pxfck\" data-start=\"936\" data-end=\"1128\"><strong data-start=\"938\" data-end=\"952\">Exposici\u00f3:<\/strong> quina part d\u2019aquest grup es troba a la zona que podria resultar afectada. S\u2019introdueix com un percentatge; per exemple, 40 persones exposades d\u2019un grup de 100 equivalen a 0,4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1130\" data-end=\"1470\">Per combinar dades de naturalesa diferent, hem definit una <strong data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1215\">escala comuna de 0 a 1<\/strong>. Les puntuacions, els factors de dist\u00e0ncia i altitud i els intervals de color s\u00f3n <strong data-start=\"1298\" data-end=\"1369\">barems de treball establerts expressament per a aquesta calculadora<\/strong> (valors inventats per al model did\u00e0ctic; no s\u00f3n llindars oficials ni una escala universal validada).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1472\" data-end=\"1683\">En aquesta eina, <strong data-start=\"1489\" data-end=\"1535\">0 vol dir inexistent en l\u2019escenari definit<\/strong>: abs\u00e8ncia justificada de perill, de vulnerabilitat o d\u2019elements exposats. <strong data-start=\"1610\" data-end=\"1649\">Una dada desconeguda no \u00e9s un zero.<\/strong> La vulnerabilitat es valora aix\u00ed:<\/p>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableContainer TyagGW_tableContainerWithTableOfContents\" dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1685\" data-end=\"1865\">\n<thead data-start=\"1685\" data-end=\"1723\">\n<tr data-start=\"1685\" data-end=\"1723\">\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"1685\" data-end=\"1693\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Valor<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"1693\" data-end=\"1723\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Vulnerabilitat orientativa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1865\">\n<tr data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1775\">\n<td data-start=\"1735\" data-end=\"1739\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1739\" data-end=\"1775\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Inexistent en l\u2019escenari definit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1776\" data-end=\"1796\">\n<td data-start=\"1776\" data-end=\"1782\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1782\" data-end=\"1796\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Molt baixa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"1812\">\n<td data-start=\"1797\" data-end=\"1803\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,3<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1812\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Baixa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1813\" data-end=\"1830\">\n<td data-start=\"1813\" data-end=\"1819\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,5<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1819\" data-end=\"1830\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Mitjana<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"1845\">\n<td data-start=\"1831\" data-end=\"1837\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,7<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1837\" data-end=\"1845\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Alta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"1846\" data-end=\"1865\">\n<td data-start=\"1846\" data-end=\"1852\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,9<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"1852\" data-end=\"1865\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Molt alta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"1867\" data-end=\"2140\">La vulnerabilitat s\u2019ha de valorar segons <strong data-start=\"1908\" data-end=\"1915\">qu\u00e8<\/strong> estudiem i <strong data-start=\"1927\" data-end=\"1953\">davant de quin fenomen<\/strong>. Una puntuaci\u00f3 de 0,5 no significa que la meitat del grup patir\u00e0 danys. L\u2019exposici\u00f3, en canvi, es pot calcular si coneixem el nombre d\u2019elements exposats i la mida del grup de refer\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"10o2hep\" data-start=\"2142\" data-end=\"2174\">Com s\u2019estima la perillositat?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2176\" data-end=\"2345\">La calculadora ofereix tres fen\u00f2mens per separat. En cada cas utilitzem dades f\u00e0cils d\u2019identificar i les tradu\u00efm a l\u2019escala comuna amb els barems descrits a continuaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"1sujocw\" data-start=\"2347\" data-end=\"2386\">Terratr\u00e8mols: la intensitat al lloc<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2388\" data-end=\"2736\">La <strong data-start=\"2391\" data-end=\"2403\">magnitud<\/strong> caracteritza el terratr\u00e8mol; la <strong data-start=\"2436\" data-end=\"2459\">intensitat Mercalli<\/strong> descriu els seus efectes en un indret. Un mateix sisme pot tenir intensitats diferents segons el lloc. Per aix\u00f2 el c\u00e0lcul utilitza la intensitat local. La magnitud M&lt;sub&gt;w&lt;\/sub&gt; es pot afegir com a informaci\u00f3 complement\u00e0ria, per\u00f2 no es transforma autom\u00e0ticament en intensitat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableContainer TyagGW_tableContainerWithTableOfContents\" dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2926\">\n<thead data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2777\">\n<tr data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2777\">\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"2738\" data-end=\"2749\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Mercalli<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"2749\" data-end=\"2757\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Valor<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"2757\" data-end=\"2768\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Mercalli<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"2768\" data-end=\"2777\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Valor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"2926\">\n<tr data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"2820\">\n<td data-start=\"2798\" data-end=\"2802\" data-col-size=\"sm\">I<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2802\" data-end=\"2808\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2808\" data-end=\"2813\" data-col-size=\"sm\">VI<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2813\" data-end=\"2820\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2821\" data-end=\"2845\">\n<td data-start=\"2821\" data-end=\"2826\" data-col-size=\"sm\">II<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2826\" data-end=\"2832\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,2<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2832\" data-end=\"2838\" data-col-size=\"sm\">VII<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2838\" data-end=\"2845\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2872\">\n<td data-start=\"2846\" data-end=\"2852\" data-col-size=\"sm\">III<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2852\" data-end=\"2858\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,3<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2858\" data-end=\"2865\" data-col-size=\"sm\">VIII<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2865\" data-end=\"2872\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2873\" data-end=\"2896\">\n<td data-start=\"2873\" data-end=\"2878\" data-col-size=\"sm\">IV<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2878\" data-end=\"2884\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,4<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2884\" data-end=\"2889\" data-col-size=\"sm\">IX<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2889\" data-end=\"2896\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"2897\" data-end=\"2926\">\n<td data-start=\"2897\" data-end=\"2901\" data-col-size=\"sm\">V<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2901\" data-end=\"2907\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,5<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2907\" data-end=\"2921\" data-col-size=\"sm\">X, XI o XII<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"2921\" data-end=\"2926\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"2928\" data-end=\"3067\">L\u2019escala Mercalli no t\u00e9 grau 0: en aquesta eina el zero significa \u00fanicament que hem justificat l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia del perill en l\u2019escenari definit.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"qh4osk\" data-start=\"3069\" data-end=\"3109\">Volcans: mida explosiva i proximitat<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3111\" data-end=\"3324\">Per a una <strong data-start=\"3121\" data-end=\"3142\">erupci\u00f3 explosiva<\/strong>, la calculadora combina l\u2019\u00edndex d\u2019explosivitat volc\u00e0nica (IEV) amb la dist\u00e0ncia a la boca eruptiva. Primer assigna un valor a l\u2019IEV i despr\u00e9s el multiplica pel factor de proximitat.<\/p>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableContainer TyagGW_tableContainerWithTableOfContents\" dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3650\">\n<thead data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3381\">\n<tr data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3381\">\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3332\" data-col-size=\"sm\">IEV<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"3332\" data-end=\"3340\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Valor<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"3340\" data-end=\"3371\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Dist\u00e0ncia a la boca eruptiva<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"3371\" data-end=\"3381\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Factor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"3403\" data-end=\"3650\">\n<tr data-start=\"3403\" data-end=\"3434\">\n<td data-start=\"3403\" data-end=\"3407\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3407\" data-end=\"3413\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,1<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3413\" data-end=\"3429\">Menys de 2 km<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3429\" data-end=\"3434\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3435\" data-end=\"3475\">\n<td data-start=\"3435\" data-end=\"3439\" data-col-size=\"sm\">2<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3439\" data-end=\"3445\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,2<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3445\" data-end=\"3468\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 2 a menys de 5 km<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3468\" data-end=\"3475\">0,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3476\" data-end=\"3517\">\n<td data-start=\"3476\" data-end=\"3480\" data-col-size=\"sm\">3<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3480\" data-end=\"3486\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,3<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3486\" data-end=\"3510\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 5 a menys de 15 km<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3510\" data-end=\"3517\">0,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3518\" data-end=\"3560\">\n<td data-start=\"3518\" data-end=\"3522\" data-col-size=\"sm\">4<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3522\" data-end=\"3528\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,4<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3528\" data-end=\"3553\">De 15 a menys de 30 km<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3553\" data-end=\"3560\">0,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3561\" data-end=\"3592\">\n<td data-start=\"3561\" data-end=\"3565\" data-col-size=\"sm\">5<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3565\" data-end=\"3571\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,6<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3571\" data-end=\"3585\" data-col-size=\"sm\">30 km o m\u00e9s<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3585\" data-end=\"3592\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3612\">\n<td data-start=\"3593\" data-end=\"3597\" data-col-size=\"sm\">6<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3603\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,8<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3603\" data-end=\"3607\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"3607\" data-end=\"3612\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3613\" data-end=\"3632\">\n<td data-start=\"3613\" data-end=\"3617\" data-col-size=\"sm\">7<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3617\" data-end=\"3623\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,9<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3623\" data-end=\"3627\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3627\" data-end=\"3632\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3633\" data-end=\"3650\">\n<td data-start=\"3633\" data-end=\"3637\" data-col-size=\"sm\">8<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3637\" data-end=\"3641\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3641\" data-end=\"3645\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3645\" data-end=\"3650\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u2014<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3652\" data-end=\"3707\">Per exemple, un IEV 5 a 8 km dona <strong data-start=\"3686\" data-end=\"3706\">0,6 \u00d7 0,6 = 0,36<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"3709\" data-end=\"3994\">El c\u00e0lcul no considera el vent, les cendres transportades a grans dist\u00e0ncies, la lava, els lahars ni el relleu. <strong data-start=\"3821\" data-end=\"3881\">Cap dist\u00e0ncia de la taula \u00e9s una dist\u00e0ncia de seguretat.<\/strong> Un <strong data-start=\"3885\" data-end=\"3927\">IEV 0 no vol dir que no hi hagi perill<\/strong>: pot tractar-se d\u2019una erupci\u00f3 efusiva, que aquest m\u00f2dul no avalua.<\/p>\n<h3 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"hic2qr\" data-start=\"3996\" data-end=\"4040\">Tsunamis: altitud i dist\u00e0ncia a la costa<\/h3>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4042\" data-end=\"4290\">En aquest cas es multiplica un factor basat en l\u2019<strong data-start=\"4091\" data-end=\"4138\">altitud del terreny sobre el nivell del mar<\/strong> per un altre basat en la <strong data-start=\"4164\" data-end=\"4188\">dist\u00e0ncia a la costa<\/strong>. S\u00f3n dues dades senzilles per explorar escenaris, per\u00f2 no indiquen fins on arribar\u00e0 realment l\u2019aigua.<\/p>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableContainer TyagGW_tableContainerWithTableOfContents\" dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4292\" data-end=\"4639\">\n<thead data-start=\"4292\" data-end=\"4356\">\n<tr data-start=\"4292\" data-end=\"4356\">\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"4292\" data-end=\"4314\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Altitud del terreny<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"4314\" data-end=\"4323\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Factor<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"4323\" data-end=\"4346\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Dist\u00e0ncia a la costa<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"4346\" data-end=\"4356\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Factor<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4639\">\n<tr data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4419\">\n<td data-start=\"4377\" data-end=\"4392\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Menys de 2 m<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4392\" data-end=\"4396\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"4414\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Menys de 0,5 km<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4414\" data-end=\"4419\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4420\" data-end=\"4479\">\n<td data-start=\"4420\" data-end=\"4442\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 2 a menys de 5 m<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4442\" data-end=\"4448\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,8<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4448\" data-end=\"4472\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 0,5 a menys d\u20191 km<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4472\" data-end=\"4479\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4538\">\n<td data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4503\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 5 a menys de 10 m<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4503\" data-end=\"4509\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,6<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4509\" data-end=\"4531\">D\u20191 a menys de 2 km<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"4531\" data-end=\"4538\">0,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4539\" data-end=\"4599\">\n<td data-start=\"4539\" data-end=\"4563\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 10 a menys de 30 m<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4563\" data-end=\"4569\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,4<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4569\" data-end=\"4592\" data-col-size=\"sm\">De 2 a menys de 3 km<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4592\" data-end=\"4599\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4639\">\n<td data-start=\"4600\" data-end=\"4613\" data-col-size=\"sm\">30 m o m\u00e9s<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4613\" data-end=\"4619\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,2<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4619\" data-end=\"4632\" data-col-size=\"sm\">3 km o m\u00e9s<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4632\" data-end=\"4639\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4641\" data-end=\"4739\">En un escenari situat a 6 m d\u2019altitud i a 0,8 km de la costa, el c\u00e0lcul dona <strong data-start=\"4718\" data-end=\"4738\">0,6 \u00d7 0,8 = 0,48<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4971\"><strong data-start=\"4741\" data-end=\"4806\">Ni 30 m d\u2019altitud ni 3 km de dist\u00e0ncia garanteixen seguretat.<\/strong> Les caracter\u00edstiques del tsunami, la forma de la costa i el relleu poden modificar la inundaci\u00f3. Per a un lloc concret cal consultar els mapes oficials d\u2019inundaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"kzewt0\" data-start=\"4973\" data-end=\"4997\">I el temps de retorn?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"4999\" data-end=\"5272\">Si coneixem el <strong data-start=\"5014\" data-end=\"5035\">temps de retorn T<\/strong> d\u2019un fenomen que supera un llindar ben definit al lloc estudiat, podem afegir-lo. La calculadora proposa inicialment un per\u00edode de <strong data-start=\"5167\" data-end=\"5178\">50 anys<\/strong>, que podem canviar, i estima la probabilitat que el llindar se superi durant <strong data-start=\"5256\" data-end=\"5261\">t<\/strong> anys aix\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5274\" data-end=\"5295\"><strong data-start=\"5274\" data-end=\"5295\">P = 1 \u2212 exp(\u2212t\/T)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5297\" data-end=\"5445\">\u00c9s una aproximaci\u00f3 que assumeix una freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia constant. Un \u00abtemps de retorn de 100 anys\u00bb no vol dir que el fenomen passi puntualment cada 100 anys.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5520\"><strong data-start=\"5447\" data-end=\"5472\">Sense temps de retorn<\/strong>, el resultat \u00e9s l\u2019\u00edndex condicionat al fenomen:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5522\" data-end=\"5568\"><strong data-start=\"5522\" data-end=\"5568\">R = severitat \u00d7 vulnerabilitat \u00d7 exposici\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5634\"><strong data-start=\"5570\" data-end=\"5593\">Amb temps de retorn<\/strong>, s\u2019hi afegeix la probabilitat calculada:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5686\"><strong data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5686\">R = P \u00d7 severitat \u00d7 vulnerabilitat \u00d7 exposici\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5688\" data-end=\"5832\">El temps de retorn ha de correspondre al mateix llindar i al mateix lloc que s\u2019est\u00e0 estudiant. Si no el coneixem, \u00e9s millor deixar el camp buit.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"1co4fus\" data-start=\"5834\" data-end=\"5875\">Un exemple per interpretar el resultat<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"5877\" data-end=\"6048\">Imaginem una intensitat Mercalli VII, una vulnerabilitat de 0,5 i un 40 % d\u2019exposici\u00f3. S\u00f3n dades hipot\u00e8tiques per seguir el c\u00e0lcul. La taula assigna 0,7 al grau VII. Aix\u00ed:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6050\" data-end=\"6080\"><strong data-start=\"6050\" data-end=\"6080\">R = 0,7 \u00d7 0,5 \u00d7 0,4 = 0,14<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6082\" data-end=\"6260\">Si suposem que aquesta mateixa intensitat local t\u00e9 un temps de retorn de 100 anys, la probabilitat calculada de superar-la durant 50 anys \u00e9s aproximadament 0,3935. En aquest cas:<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6262\" data-end=\"6303\"><strong data-start=\"6262\" data-end=\"6303\">R \u2248 0,3935 \u00d7 0,7 \u00d7 0,5 \u00d7 0,4 = 0,0551<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6305\" data-end=\"6483\"><strong data-start=\"6305\" data-end=\"6403\">0,0551 \u00e9s un \u00edndex comparatiu; no vol dir que la probabilitat de patir danys sigui del 5,51 %.<\/strong> Nom\u00e9s el factor <strong data-start=\"6420\" data-end=\"6425\">P<\/strong> representa una probabilitat dins dels sup\u00f2sits del model.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"nv5qd0\" data-start=\"6485\" data-end=\"6527\">Qu\u00e8 volen dir les categories de colors?<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6529\" data-end=\"6740\">Per facilitar la lectura, la calculadora situa el resultat en nou categories, ordenades del verd per als valors baixos al vermell per als alts. Aquest barem serveix per interpretar <strong data-start=\"6710\" data-end=\"6739\">l\u2019\u00edndex de la calculadora<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"group TyagGW_tableContainer TyagGW_tableContainerWithTableOfContents\" dir=\"auto\">\n<div class=\"TyagGW_tableWrapper flex flex-col-reverse w-fit\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"6742\" data-end=\"7079\">\n<thead data-start=\"6742\" data-end=\"6776\">\n<tr data-start=\"6742\" data-end=\"6776\">\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"6742\" data-end=\"6763\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Valor de l\u2019\u00edndex R<\/th>\n<th class=\"last:pe-10\" data-start=\"6763\" data-end=\"6776\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Categoria<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"6787\" data-end=\"7079\">\n<tr data-start=\"6787\" data-end=\"6831\">\n<td data-start=\"6787\" data-end=\"6795\" data-col-size=\"sm\">R = 0<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6795\" data-end=\"6831\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Inexistent en l\u2019escenari definit<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6832\" data-end=\"6860\">\n<td data-start=\"6832\" data-end=\"6847\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0 &lt; R &lt; 0,01<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6847\" data-end=\"6860\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Molt baix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6861\" data-end=\"6887\">\n<td data-start=\"6861\" data-end=\"6879\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,01 \u2264 R &lt; 0,03<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6879\" data-end=\"6887\">Baix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6888\" data-end=\"6927\">\n<td data-start=\"6888\" data-end=\"6906\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,03 \u2264 R &lt; 0,07<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6906\" data-end=\"6927\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Moderadament baix<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6928\" data-end=\"6957\">\n<td data-start=\"6928\" data-end=\"6946\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,07 \u2264 R &lt; 0,15<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"6946\" data-end=\"6957\">Moderat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6958\" data-end=\"6996\">\n<td data-start=\"6958\" data-end=\"6976\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,15 \u2264 R &lt; 0,30<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"6976\" data-end=\"6996\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Moderadament alt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"6997\" data-end=\"7022\">\n<td data-start=\"6997\" data-end=\"7015\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,30 \u2264 R &lt; 0,50<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"7015\" data-end=\"7022\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Alt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"7023\" data-end=\"7053\">\n<td data-start=\"7023\" data-end=\"7041\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,50 \u2264 R &lt; 0,70<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"7041\" data-end=\"7053\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Molt alt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"7054\" data-end=\"7079\">\n<td data-start=\"7054\" data-end=\"7069\" data-col-size=\"sm\">0,70 \u2264 R \u2264 1<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"sm\" data-start=\"7069\" data-end=\"7079\">Extrem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"7081\" data-end=\"7392\">En l\u2019exemple anterior, <strong data-start=\"7104\" data-end=\"7112\">0,14<\/strong> cau a la categoria \u00abmoderat\u00bb i <strong data-start=\"7144\" data-end=\"7154\">0,0551<\/strong> a \u00abmoderadament baix\u00bb. El segon valor inclou el temps de retorn; per aix\u00f2 <strong data-start=\"7229\" data-end=\"7334\">nom\u00e9s hem de comparar directament escenaris calculats amb el mateix tipus d\u2019\u00edndex i el mateix per\u00edode<\/strong>. Un color verd no garanteix que un lloc real sigui segur.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"1ipdwsh\" data-start=\"7394\" data-end=\"7420\">Abast de la calculadora<\/h2>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"7422\" data-end=\"7753\">Algunes dades d\u2019entrada es poden mesurar o estimar cient\u00edficament, com la intensitat s\u00edsmica, l\u2019altitud o la dist\u00e0ncia. La vulnerabilitat i la traducci\u00f3 d\u2019aquestes dades a l\u2019escala comuna depenen dels criteris adoptats. Per aix\u00f2 <strong data-start=\"7651\" data-end=\"7752\">els valors de la calculadora s\u00f3n coherents entre si, per\u00f2 no s\u00f3n una predicci\u00f3 universal validada<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"7755\" data-end=\"7913\">Fes-la servir per comparar escenaris definits amb el mateix criteri. Per estudiar un cas real, consulta la cartografia de perills i els organismes competents.<\/p>\n<h2 dir=\"auto\" data-section-id=\"13fykdc\" data-start=\"7915\" data-end=\"7936\">Fonts cient\u00edfiques<\/h2>\n<ul data-start=\"7938\" data-end=\"8589\">\n<li data-section-id=\"kmqkwf\" data-start=\"7938\" data-end=\"8140\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/terminology\/disaster-risk?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"7940\" data-end=\"8014\">UNDRR: risc de desastre<\/a>, <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/terminology\/exposure?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8016\" data-end=\"8071\">exposici\u00f3<\/a> i <a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.undrr.org\/terminology\/vulnerability?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8139\">vulnerabilitat<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4ps33f\" data-start=\"8141\" data-end=\"8275\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/programs\/earthquake-hazards\/modified-mercalli-intensity-scale?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8143\" data-end=\"8274\">USGS: escala d\u2019intensitat Mercalli modificada<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18ubgj8\" data-start=\"8276\" data-end=\"8393\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/volcano.si.edu\/search_eruption.cfm?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8278\" data-end=\"8392\">Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program: \u00edndex d\u2019explosivitat volc\u00e0nica<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"19sg7xo\" data-start=\"8394\" data-end=\"8496\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/nctr.pmel.noaa.gov\/inundation_mapping.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8396\" data-end=\"8495\">NOAA: cartografia de la inundaci\u00f3 per tsunami<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ai0j4\" data-start=\"8497\" data-end=\"8589\"><a class=\"decorated-link\" href=\"https:\/\/pubs.usgs.gov\/publication\/fs20253050\/full?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" target=\"_new\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8499\" data-end=\"8588\">USGS: probabilitat i temps de retorn<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"8591\" data-end=\"8709\"><em data-start=\"8591\" data-end=\"8709\">Les fonts sustenten els conceptes cient\u00edfics. Els barems num\u00e8rics s\u00f3n criteris establerts per a aquesta calculadora.<\/em><\/p>\n<p dir=\"auto\" data-start=\"8711\" data-end=\"8857\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calculadora del risc natural Qu\u00e8 calcula aquesta eina? Un terratr\u00e8mol, una erupci\u00f3 o un tsunami no tenen les mateixes conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies a tot arreu. Per entendre per qu\u00e8, aquesta calculadora combina [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":1204,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"wf_page_folders":[],"class_list":["post-2267","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Calculadora del risc natural Qu\u00e8 calcula aquesta eina? Un terratr\u00e8mol, una erupci\u00f3 o un tsunami no tenen les mateixes conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies a tot arreu. Per entendre per qu\u00e8, aquesta calculadora combina [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-23T23:42:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@geolegCAT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\\\/\",\"name\":\"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-23T22:30:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-23T23:42:39+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inici\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Qu\u00e8 oferim\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Recursos did\u00e0ctics\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Recursos geologia\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/index.php\\\/que-oferim\\\/recursos-didactics\\\/recursos-geologia\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/\",\"name\":\"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme\",\"description\":\"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ge\u00f2leg.cat\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/09\\\/Logo-petit.png?fit=600%2C128&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/09\\\/Logo-petit.png?fit=600%2C128&ssl=1\",\"width\":600,\"height\":128,\"caption\":\"Ge\u00f2leg.cat\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.geoleg.cat\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/geolegCAT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/geoleg.cat\\\/\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","og_description":"Calculadora del risc natural Qu\u00e8 calcula aquesta eina? Un terratr\u00e8mol, una erupci\u00f3 o un tsunami no tenen les mateixes conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies a tot arreu. Per entendre per qu\u00e8, aquesta calculadora combina [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/","og_site_name":"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","article_modified_time":"2026-09-23T23:42:39+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@geolegCAT","twitter_misc":{"Temps estimat de lectura":"8 minuts"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/","url":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/","name":"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic - Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-09-23T22:30:19+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-23T23:42:39+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/calculadora-del-risc-geologic\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inici","item":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Qu\u00e8 oferim","item":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Recursos did\u00e0ctics","item":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Recursos geologia","item":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/que-oferim\/recursos-didactics\/recursos-geologia\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Calculadora del Risc geol\u00f2gic"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/","name":"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","description":"Formaci\u00f3 i Divulgaci\u00f3 en Geologia #Geoturisme","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#organization","name":"Ge\u00f2leg.cat","url":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Logo-petit.png?fit=600%2C128&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.geoleg.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Logo-petit.png?fit=600%2C128&ssl=1","width":600,"height":128,"caption":"Ge\u00f2leg.cat"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/geolegCAT","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/geoleg.cat\/"]}]}},"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2267"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2276,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2267\/revisions\/2276"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"wf_page_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.geoleg.cat\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_page_folders?post=2267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}